Primitive reflexes develop in the womb and are present at birth. They function to help babies be born, are protective in nature, and are normal responses to stimuli between the ages of 1 and 4. Primitive reflexes are designed to integrate into the nervous system in a sequence to make way for our more advanced postural reflexes. As the growing brain develops connections to the frontal lobe, this allows for more advanced motor pattern development. When primitive reflexes do not integrate into the nervous system, they are called Retained, as they have not been inhibited and will continue to be activated by specific stimuli.
Retained primitive reflexes can challenge a growing child as they actively try to develop higher levels of balance, coordination and sensory-motor development. Primitive reflexes can be present from birth or re-emerge in life in response to physical or psychological trauma. It is estimated that 50% of the adult population have 1 retained primitive reflex, and we can learn to work around them. However, this is not optimal functioning and additional energy is spent constructing this adaptation.